Django and DRF Cheat Sheet

🧑‍🏫 Sabse pehle — simple mein samjho#

Ye ek quick reference page hai tumhare daily Django aur DRF tasks ke liye. Ise bookmark karke rakho!

1. Essential CLI Commands#

# Project Setup
django-admin startproject myproject .
python manage.py startapp myapp

# Database & Migrations
python manage.py makemigrations # Detect changes in models
python manage.py migrate        # Apply changes to database

# Admin & Server
python manage.py createsuperuser
python manage.py runserver      # Start local dev server (port 8000)
python manage.py shell          # Open interactive Python shell loaded with Django context

2. ORM Cheat Sheet#

from .models import Post

# Fetching Data
Post.objects.all()                  # All posts
Post.objects.get(id=1)              # Single post (Throws Error if not exactly 1)
Post.objects.filter(title="A")      # Many posts matching criteria
Post.objects.exclude(title="A")     # Many posts NOT matching criteria

# Field Lookups (Double Underscore)
Post.objects.filter(title__icontains="django") # Case-insensitive contains
Post.objects.filter(created_at__year=2024)
Post.objects.filter(author__username="tarun")  # Spanning relationships

# Modifying Data
Post.objects.create(title="A", content="B")    # Create and save instantly
post = Post.objects.first()
post.title = "New"
post.save()                                    # Update
post.delete()                                  # Delete

3. URLs and Routing#

from django.urls import path, include

urlpatterns = [
    # FBV or CBV
    path('about/', views.about_view, name='about'),
    path('articles/', views.ArticleListView.as_view(), name='article-list'),
    
    # Path parameters (<type:name>)
    path('articles/<int:pk>/', views.ArticleDetail.as_view()),
    path('users/<str:username>/', views.user_profile),
    
    # Including other apps
    path('api/', include('myapp.urls')),
]

4. Basic DRF ModelViewSet & Router#

If you want to build a complete CRUD API for a model in 2 minutes:

serializers.py

from rest_framework.serializers import ModelSerializer
from .models import Post

class PostSerializer(ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = Post
        fields = '__all__'

views.py

from rest_framework.viewsets import ModelViewSet
from .models import Post
from .serializers import PostSerializer

class PostViewSet(ModelViewSet):
    queryset = Post.objects.all()
    serializer_class = PostSerializer

urls.py

from rest_framework.routers import DefaultRouter
from django.urls import path, include
from .views import PostViewSet

router = DefaultRouter()
router.register(r'posts', PostViewSet)

urlpatterns = [
    path('', include(router.urls)),
]